Programming Languages
an artificafial language which s used to write a sequence of logical inst that can b rum on by a comp s known as programmiing lang
or
a set of rules , symbol & sp words used to const comp prog.
Multics a network os , two companies spend money on this but after a delay then they moved back but two scientists from bell lab dennis & ken on another proj unix n C that's y it's said that c ws designed for j& by prrogrammer but after the populaaruty of c many comp produced their own version of c so ANSI (1918) standarized c n 1983-89 c prog s often a sparse n verbose so n 79 simula +c =c wth classes in ;83 it ws improved to C++ adopted by a number of vendors including ms sun ,apple borland etc
programming lang = hll & lll
high level lang must be 1st translated n to machine lang
low leel language directly understood by comp differ one the basis of model of pc
r of two types assembly lang(alphanumeric symbol) & machine lang (0 1)
HLL are :
|
FORTRAN |
1954 , jhon backus , ibm, formula translation |
|
B O |
1957 |
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FLOW MATIC |
1958 |
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ALGOL |
1958 algorithm languag |
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LISP |
1958 jhon mccarthy list procrssing lang |
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COBOL |
1959 , grace hopper ,common businnes oriented lang, ibm |
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CPL |
1963 ox & camb university students |
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PL1 |
1964 programming lang one mix of fortran algo & cobol |
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SIMULA |
1964 1st ooL |
|
PASCAL |
1967-71 |
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BCPL |
1967 martin Richard |
|
B |
1969 ken Thompson |
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C |
1972 dennis ritchi , bell lab AT&T on dec pdp-11, anis C 1989, iso C 1990 |
|
C with classes |
1979 (simula + c) |
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C++ |
1983 bjarne stroustrap bell lab AT&T oov of C. |