Ide
integrated development environment
a sw which've a set of integrated tools for developing sw. the tools consists of coompliler editor & debugger etc
IDE 4 C++:
|
borland 5.0 |
Ms visual studio |
turbo 3.0 |
source prog(abc.cpp) —save—-> disk —-compile—> objject prog(abc.obj) —–linker —>executable —–run—->cpu
Compiler
A prog that traanslate all the sorce code of (hLL) of a prog nto obj code (MLL)
before execution. it actually have all the rule & reg of of sp lang & it check the source code…
Linker
a program that links the compiled module (obj prg )& data files to create one executable program . it actually checks that will this sw run on this pc(hw & sw).
cpp.exe n borland = 16 bits
cpp32.exe n borland = 32 bits
16 bits mean that it would process 16 bit at a time
ASCII:::::::::american standard code 4 info interchange
1968, 128 standard , 128 extended ascii character
Tokens
tokens r the smallest word like unit recognized by a language , 6 types of tokens ,
1. key words
: r the words reserved 4 sp purposes & it 's func s already defined in compiler, case sensitive , lower case , reserve words . c++ have 74 kw + 42 by borland so totall 116 n borland ……. the identification of kw s important cuz we have not to givethe name of any kw to any identifier e,g if, switch, int, do, class, float, long, char , double, main , else , goto, while& return………………..
2. IDENTIFIER:
r the arbitary names of any lenght given to vari(mem locations) , user defined words
3. CONSTANTS::
: r the tokens representing a fix numeric (0-9) or char values(all ascii char)enclosed n singel quotes' '
4. STRING LITERALS:::
any combination of ascii char enclosed n double quotes" "
5. OPERATORS:::
r the tokens that trigger some computation when applied to var / const
6. SEPARATORS::
r the symbols which separate two or more tokens e,g [], (), {}, ::, …, =, =/, space ……….
sample program:
1 . Identifiers
r the programmer supplied names also known as data names must 've a name , size , type, value
NAME:
length 'min=1 max=any borland can accept up to 250n char &visual up to 247
1st cahr must be a letter (a-z) / _
any vaid cahar (26 (a-z), 26 (A-Z), 10 (0-9), _ = 63characters toatal)
after 1st charu can have digits , alphabets , underscore
space isn't allowed
no sp cahr except _
Can't have the same name as C++ kw howevr an uppercase reserve word can be used as id but it s considered a bad programming practice.
the only char id must be an alphabet
it alwasy a good programming practice to choose such names which impart a meaning ful name e,g id radius is more meaning ful than id r…….
TYPES OF IDENTIFIER:
VALUE & SIZE OF IDENTIFIER:
C++ PROG
Decleration Statement:
n which we identify & give names to var e,g short integer=1;
Semantic Errrors:
meaning errors e,g f we assign a wrong vcalue to int/float etc. these errors r not detected by compiler but result will be effected e,g int x=3.5;
2. Constants:::
3 . String Literals
we can use escape sequence in sL e,g cout<<"hello
me";